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Author: Admin | 2025-04-28
Short Answer Step-by-step Solution Key Concepts What types of coal deposits are accessed using the surface mining techniquesof strip mining and mountaintop removal? Short Answer Both strip mining and mountaintop removal techniques are used to extract coal deposits that lie near the surface, specifically targeting lignite and bituminous coal deposits. Lignite, a soft, brown coal with high water content and low carbon content, is often found close to the surface. Bituminous coal, a denser, hard black coal with higher carbon content, can sometimes be found near the surface as well. 01 Understand Strip Mining Strip mining is a surface mining technique in which large strips of earth and rock are removed to expose the underlying coal deposit. This method is used when the coal deposit lies relatively close to the surface, making it more efficient than accessing the coal through underground mining. The process involves removing overburden (rock, soil, and vegetation) and extracting the coal. 02 Understand Mountaintop Removal Mountaintop removal is another surface mining technique, where the tops of mountains are removed to expose coal seams. This method is usually employed in areas with steep terrain, where coal deposits are found in narrow seams running horizontally along the mountain sides. The mining process involves removing large amounts of rock and soil, which is then dumped into nearby valleys, potentially causing environmental damage. 03 Types of Coal Deposits Accessed by Surface Mining Techniques Both strip mining and mountaintop removal techniques are used to extract coal deposits that lie near the surface. Specifically, these methods are applied to access the following types of coal deposits:1. Lignite deposits: Lignite is a soft, brown coal with a high water content and low carbon content, making it less energy-dense than other types of coal. It is typically found close to the surface, making it suitable for surface mining techniques.2. Bituminous coal deposits: Bituminous coal is a dense, hard black coal with higher carbon content than lignite. It releases more energy when burned and is used primarily for electricity generation and heating purposes. Bituminous coal deposits can sometimes be found near the surface and accessed through strip mining or mountaintop removal.In summary, strip mining and mountaintop removal techniques are used to access coal deposits, such as lignite and bituminous coal, that are located near the Earth's surface. Key Concepts These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question. Strip Mining Strip mining is a widely-used technique in surface mining where long strips of soil and rock are peeled away, allowing access to coal deposits that are near the earth's surface. This method is particularly effective because it is economical and faster than traditional underground mining methods. The process starts with the removal of the overburden, which includes vegetation, soil, and rock sitting above the coal seam. Then, the coal deposits are extracted, often in sequential strips, hence the name "strip mining." Strip mining is often preferred where coal seams are thick and extensive, reducing the need to dig deeply into
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